Half to albert anderson



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. M. ANDERSEN.

ENGINE. No. 477,921. Patented June 28,1892,

71 :91? -Li 0 5- ly "m: mums Pzfzns cm, mam-mum, msmunron, m 4:v

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2. J. M. ANDBRSEN.

r ENGINE.

No. 471,921. Patented June 28, 1892.

Ya: mum puns co., mmwumm, msumn'wn, m c.

UNITED STATES V PATENT OFFICE.

JOHAN MQA ERSEN, on BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, AsSIeNon on ONE- HALF TOALBERT ANDERSON, on SAMEPLACE.

ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 477,921, dated June 28,1892. Application filed March 18, 1892'. erial Nit 25,484. (N model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that LJOHAN M. ANDERSEN, a subject of the King of Norway andSweden, residing in Boston, count-y of Suffolk, and

State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Engines, ofwhich the following description, in' connection with the accompanyingdrawings, is a specification, like letters and figures on the drawingsrepresenting like parts. r

This invention relates to steam-engines, and has for its object toimprove the construction of the same, whereby the said engine may bereadily convertedinto a pumping-engine.

My invention is particularly applicable to multiple-expansion enginessuch as now commonly used on board st-eamships. hteamships as nowcommonly equipped are provided with multiple-expansion engines employedto pro- 2c pel the ship and with-independent water-,- pumps adapted tobe driven by the said en-l gine or by separate engines. The waterpumpsreferred to are designed to bev used to free the vessel from water incase of leakage or accident; but in practice it frequently happens thatthe capacity of the water-pumps is insufficient to take care of thewater let into the vessel by a large leak or hole in its hull, such asmight be caused by collisions or similar accidents. In accordancewith mypresent invention the multiple-expansion steam-engine may be constructedso as to be used as an ordinary steam-engine to' propel the ship, butwhich may be quickly converted into .a

. combination steam and pumping engine,

whereby the ship may be supplied with a pump of substantially largecapacity in addition to its regular complement of pumps,

the capacity of the additional pump alone be- 40 large volume of water.I prefer to employ a triple-expansion engine comprising a highpressure,intermediate, and low-pressure cylinders and to utilizethelow-pressurecylinder as a pump in case of emergency, the remaining cylinders-namely,the high-pressure and the intermediate-acting as the high and lowpressure cylinders of a compound engine to drive the piston of theadditional pump orlow-pressurecylinder.

My invention 1n a steam-engine, therefore,

ing sufficient to take care of a substantially consists in thecombination of the following instrumentalities, viz: aSteam-cylinder'provided with steam inlet and outlet ports, a valve tocontrol saidports, a piston in said cylinder, 5 a main or crank shaft towhich the said valve and piston are connected, a water-port for saidcylinder, and a valveto control said waterport, normally closed when thecylinder is used as a steam-cylinder and opened when the said cylinderis used as "a water cylinder or pump, substantially as will bedescribed.

Other features of my invention will. be pointed out in the claims at theend of this specification.

Figure l is a side or front elevation, partially broken out, of amultiple-expansion en gine embodying my invention; Fig. 2, an endelevation of the engine Shown in Fig. 1,1ooking toward the right, thelow-pressure cylin- 7o der being broken out to enablethe operation to bemore readily understood; Fig. 3, a top plan view of a sufficient portionof the engine? shown in Figs. 1 and '2 to enable my invenii tion to beunderstood; Fig. 4, a detail in, top" or plan view of the low-pressurecylinder; Fig. 5, a detail in section and elevation of the valveconstruction preferred by me for converting the steam-engine into acombination engine and pump, and Fig. 6 a sectional detail of one formof steam-valve for the low-pressure cylinder.

The multiple-expansion steam-engine with which I have chosen toillustrate my invention is-herein shown as an upright triple-expansionengine comprising the high-pressure cylinder A, the intermediatecylinder A, and

the low-pressure cylinder A The cylinders A A A are supported, as

shown, upon. three sets of columns A A A 0 resting upon a'suitablebed-fraine A The columns A A may be-made solider hollow, and thecolumns A made hollow, fora purpose as will be described.

'The'" cylinders are provided with suitable 5 pistons joined by suitableconnecting-rods to a,main or crank shaft a, having bearings in the bedframe A and provided with suitable cranks to which the connectingrodsare joined, only one crank a being indicated by rci: dotted lines, Fig.2, to which the piston a of the low-pressure cylinder A is joined by theconnecting-rod a the said connecting-rod being pivoted at one end to thecross-head a sliding in vertical guides a and to which the piston-rod a"of the piston a is fastened.

The cylinders A A have co-operating with them any usual or well-knownform of steamvalve, (not herein shown,) but which have their valve-rodsa a, suitably connected in any usual or desired manner to a rock-shaft ajoined by eccentric-rods ct (L13 to eccentrics'ct (4- on the crank-shafta.

The low-pressure cylinder A has co-operating with it a steam-valve,preferably of the construction herein shown, it consisting of a doublevalve or two valves a a, (see Fig. 6,) mounted on a single valve-rod a,joined to a rock-shaft a, independent of the rock-shaft a but adapted tobe coupled or firmly fastenedthereto by a suitable clutch mechanism,

herein shown as a toothed hub C620, fast on the rock-shaft a and acorresponding toothed hub or 'SlQGVGCL keyed or otherwise fitted on therock-shaft a to slide thereon, to be en:- gaged with and disengaged fromthe toothed hub a for a purposeas will be described.

The valves (1 a", as herein shown, are of the well-known form ofD-valve, the valve (1- operating or registering with a port (L25,leading to one end of the low-pressure cylinder A as, for instance, thetop of the said cylinderan (1 also with one in outh of an exhaust portor passage a made in the low-pressu re cylinder, but which doesnotlea'd'directlyinto the said cylinder. The valve a" registers with a porta, leading to the bottom of the lowpressure cylinder, and also with theother mouth of the port or passagea. ["he valveroda is connected to therock-sh aft a, which is' joinedby the usual eccentric-rods a to; theeccentrics a on the crank-shaft a.

To enable the low pressurc cylinder A to be used as a pump, the latteris provided, preferably at both ends, with ports, herein shown aslocated in the top?) and bottom b of the said cylinder and normallyclosed by valves 1) 19 preferably disk-valves, having beveled edges tofit correspondiugly-beveled seats. The upper end of the cylinder A isadapted tobe connected through the port controlled by the valve 1) witha passage 1)", extended from above the cylinder down one side to thebottom of the same, thesa-id' passage being formed, as herein shown, bythe cylinder A a bottom plate 11, side plate or casting b, and top plateor casting b". The lower end of the cylinder A is adapted to beconnected through the port controlled by the valve 12 with a passage1)", formed' by the bottom I) of the cylinder and the plate b and cutoff or separated from the passage b by the wall or upright plate 122*.The passage 1) communicates with the-leg 2 of the hollow column A andthe passage b with the leg 3 of the said column. The columns A arepreferably connected' at their lower ends by a passage b made in thebed-frame A the latter being provided with an opening bf, constituting awater-inlet port, through which the water to be discharged by thelow-pressure cylinder when used as a pump is admittedto the passage 11The legs 2 3 of the columns A are provided near their upperends,preferably in close proximit-y to the cylinder A withupwardly-opening valves b 12 (shown as flap-valves,) which may be of anyusual or well-known construcg tion, they being pivoted, as at b I), andnormally resting on lugs or stops Z2 Z2 on the inside of the hollow legs2 3. Thehollow legs 2 3 of the column A have connected to them above thevalves 11 I1 discharge-pipes b" 19 also provided with suitableoutwardly-opening valves,herein shown as flap-valves b 12 pivoted, as atI9 12 and normally resting ,against valve-seats b b on the insideof thedischarge-pipes Z)" Z).

The valves 19 b are designed to and preferably will be made to movesimultaneously in opposite directions when the cylinderA is to be usedas a pump. This result maybe accomplished by means of gearing, as willnow be described. The valve b is provided with a threaded rod or stem 0,extended through a threaded sleeve 0, projected through the plate fb"and having fast'to it a bevel-gear c in mesh with a bevel-pinion 0 faston a shaft 0 having bearings in uprights 0", supported on the cylinder A(see Fig. 1,) the shaft; 0 being provided near its opposite end with abevel-pin- }ion 0 in mesh with a bevel-pinion '0, fast on ;a shaft 0(see Fig. 1,) having bearings, as shown, in lugs or ears 0 c", securedto or forming part of the cylinder A The valve b is provided with a stemor rod 0 having screw threads which run in an opposite direction fromthe screw-threads on the valve-rod c, so that the valves b b maybemoved'simultaneonely in opposite directions. The valve-rod 0 is extendedthrough a threaded sleeve a, projected below the cylinder A and having:fast to it a gear 0 in mesh with a pinion c 5 herein shown, withahand-wheel 0 by which the said shaft may be rotated to open and fclosethe valves (2 b In the normal condition of the engine the cylinder Aforms the low-pressure cylinder -for the engine-,the steam from theintermedi- ;ate cylinder A exhausting from said intermediate cylinder,into the valvechest of the :low-pressure cylinder, from whence it passesalternately through the ports a a, into the cylinder A and theexhaust-steam from the low-pressure cylinder passes from said cylinderto the condenser d. When the engine is working as a triple-expansionengine, as just described, the rock-shaft a is'clutched to therock-shaft a and bothrock-shafts are-working as one shaft. If now it isdesired to use a the low-pressure cylinder as a pump, the rockshaft a isdisconnected from the rock-shaft a which may be effected, as hereinshown,

by means of a lever d, joined by a connecting-rod d to a verticalrock-shaft (Z (see 7 on the shaft 0 the'latter being provided, as

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. engagement with its co-operating hub a asdotted lines, Fig. 2,) thesaid rock-shafthaving secured to or forming part of it near its upperend a forked arm (1 (see Fig. 3,) engaging a groove (1 in theclutch-sleeve or hub a h. The clutch-sleeve a may be held in hereinshown, (see Fig. 3,) by means of a stop-pin or stud d on an arm (Zsecured to one ofthe columns A When the low-pressure cylinder is to beused as a pump, the exhaust-steam from the cylinder A is led directly tothe condenser d other arm (1 joined by a rod c1 to a crank" (Z on-ashaft (Z having secured to it a lever al the rock-shaft a having anothercrank (1 (shown only in Fig. 2) connected 'by a link cl? to the slottedslide d 'ot' the usual and well-known link-motion valve-gearin g towhich the eccentric-rods e are connected.

In order to convert the low-pressure cylinder A into a pump, the pipe orpassage leading from the cylinder A to the cylinder A must be closed,and a pipe or passage leading from the cylinder A to .the condenser isopened, and atthe same time the exhaust pipe or passage from thecylinder A must be closed.- In order that the change above described maybe accomplished in substantially an instant and by one mechanism, Iprefer to employ a valve chest or casing and an arrangement of valvessubstantially such as shown in Fig. 5. Referring now to Fig. 5,thevalve-casing referred to consists, as shown, of

two substantially spherical portions '6 e, con-' The spherical portion 6is provided with an inlet pipe -or opening e and an outlet-pipe e theinnected by a tubular portion 6 let-pipe e in practice being connectedto the exhaust-pipe e for the cylinder A, and the outlet pipe e beingconnected to the steam-inlet pipe or port of the valve-chest containingthe slide-valves a 03 0f the lowpressure cylinder, as shown in Fig; 5,the slide-valves being omitted. The spherical portion 6 of thevalve-casing is connected by the pipe 6 to the exhaust or dischargepassage a for the valve-chest of the low-pressure cylinder A The tubularportion e? has connected to or forming part of it anoutletpipe e towhich is connected the pipe e leading to the condenser, as shown in Fig.3. The

valve-casing referred to contains within it, as shown in Fig. 5, threedisk valves e e e mounted ona single valve-rod e extended throughsuitable glands or stuffing-boxes e e at the ends of the valve-casing,two of the portion e.

valves, as e a", being located in the spherical portion e and the valvee in the spherical In the normal condition of the engine-that is, whenit is working'as a tripleexpansion steam-engine-the valves e e eoccupy-the positions shown in Fig. 5, the valve 6 being open to connectthe exhaustpipe from the cylinder A with the steam-in let pipe c leadingto the valve-chest of the cylinder A the valve e being also open toconnect the steam-exhaust pipe 6 from the valve-chest of the cylinder A?with the pipe 6, leading to the condenser (1, while the valve 6 is atsuch time closed to cut off direct communication between the pipe 6 andthe pipe 6 With the valves 6 e e in the positions shown in Fig. 5 theexhaust-steam from the cylinder A passes through the valve-casing, asindicated by arrows 40, into the cylinder A and the exhaust-steam fromthe cylinder A passes, as indicated by arrows 41, to the condenser.

As represented in Fig. 5, the exhaust-steam from the cylinderA passesthrough the pipes e 6 into the valve-chest of the cylinder A ter upwardand forcing theexhaust-steam in the cylinder A above the piston a outthrough the ports a a to the pipe e from whence it passes through thespherical portion e,tubular portion e through the pipe a tothe'condenser. I

. When it is desired to use the cylinder A as a pump, the valves e e e?are moved downward in the direction indicated by arrow 50, which may beaccomplished, as herein shown, by means of a lever e pivoted, as ate,and connected to the valve-rod 2 by link e the said lever being moved inthe direction indi cated by arrow 51. The lever e is moved inthe'direction indicated by arrow 51 until the valve e cuts offcommunication between the pipes e e and" the valve 6 outs 01f the pipe efrom the pipe e, the valve e ;being opened by the said movements, so asto connect the pipe (2 directly with the pipe e With valves 2 6 closedand the valve 6 opened, as described, the exhaust-steam from thecylinder A passes directly to the condenser, as indicated by dotted-linearrows 60, and theengine is composed of 'a high pressure cylinder A anda low-pressure cylinder A. When the valves e e e are moved into theirpositions just described, it will be understood that atsubstantiallythesameinstant the rock-shaft a is disconnected from-therock-shaft a by operating the lever d,'and the valves 0, a,

With the parts in the positions just described the piston a of thecylinder A is still driven by the crank-shaft a, and-on the upstroke ofthe piston a water is drawn through the port 6 into the passage b up thehollow and thence through the port (1 7' into the c'ylinder A below thepiston a moving the latleg 3. into the passage b through the port in thebottom b of the cylinder A into the said cylinderbelow the piston a andon the downstroke of the piston a the water in the cylinder below thepiston a is forced out through the port in the bottom (1 into thepassageb thence th roughthe discharge-pipe b, the valve b being'opened' by'thewater passing through the pipe Z9 While the valve 5 in the hollow leg- 3is closed by the said water. On the downstroke of the piston water isdrawn up the hollow leg 2 through the passage 6 into the cylinder Aabove the piston a and on the next upstroke of the piston a the waterabove the saidpiston'is forced out through the passage 19 anddischarge-pipe b", the valve 11 being opened by the water passingthrough the pipe I)" and the valve Z1 being maintained closed by thesaid water.

Owing to the large size of the cylinder A the capacity of thesame whenused as a pump is substantially great, and consequently a large volumeof water may be taken care of by the said pump.

My improved engine is especially designed and adapted" to be used onsteamships, and it will readily be seen that in case of emergencythepu'mping capacity of the ship may be largely increased with it.

Although especially adapted to be used as a marine engineon steamships,my improved engine may be used to advantage in other places.

I have herein shown my invention as embodied in'a triple-expansionengine; but I do not desire to limit my invention in this respect', asit may be embodied in other forms of engine. So, also, I haverepresented the convertible engine as driven fromv the main shaft a, andwhile I prefer this construction I do not desire to limit my inventionin this respect asthe steam-cylinder a", capable of being converted intoa pump of substantially large capacity, may be used with an electric orother motor mechanism;

I claim 1. In asteam-engine, the combination of the followinginstrumentalities, viz: a steam-cylinder provided with steam inlet andoutlet ports,a valve to control said ports, a piston in said cylinder, amain. or crank shaft to which the said valve and piston are connected, awater-port for said cylinder, and a valve to control said water-port,normally closed when the cylinder is used as a steam-cylinder and openedwhen-the said cylinderis used as a water cylinder or pump,and means tooperate the steam-valve to out cit the admission of steam to thecylinder, substantially as-described.

2. In asteam-engine, the combination of the following instrumentalities,viz: a steam-cyL ind'er provided with steam inlet and outlet ports, avalve to control said ports, a piston in said cylinder, a main or crankshaft to which the said valve and piston are connectlowinginstrumentalities, viz: a plurality of cylinders provided with. pistons,a main or crank shaft to which the said pistons are connected, one ormore ports in one of the said cylinders additional to the regular ports,one or more valves to control said additional ports, and mechanism todisconnect the said ported cylinder from the remaining'cylinders,

"whereby the said ported cylinder may be driven as a pump by theremaining cylinder or cylinders, substantially as described.

4:. In a multiple-expansion steam-engine,

the combination of the following instrumentalities, viz: a plurality ofcylinders provided with pistons and connected together for ex- 3 pansionof the steam from one cylinder to ant other, valves for each of saidcylinders to control the admission of steam to the cylinders, a main orcrank shaft to which the said pistons and valves are connected, one ormore ports in one of said cylinders additional to f the ports controlledby the steam'-valves,'one 1 or more valves to control said additionalports, and valves to control thepassages leading to the cylinderprovided with the said additional ports, whereby the saidmultiple-expansion steam-enginemay be converted into 'a combinationsteam-engine and pump, substantially as described.

5. In a steam-engine, the combination of the followinginstrumentalities,viz: a high-pressure' cylinder and a low-pressurecylinder, valves to control the admission of steam to the saidcylinders, a rock-shaft to which the valve of the high-pressure cylinderis connected, a second rock-shaft to which the valve of the low-pressurecylinder is connected, a

clutch mechanism to couple the said rock- 2 shafts together, a main orcrank shaft to which the said rock-shafts are connected, an

additional or water port in the low-pressure cylinder, a valve tocontrol said port, and valves to open and close the inlet and outletpassages to the low-pressure cylinder, whereby the low-pressure cylindermay be converted into a pump driven by the high-pressure cylinder,substantially as described.

6. In a steam-engine, the combination ofthe following instrumentalities,viz: ahigh-press- 'urecylinder and a low-pressure cylinder provided withpistons and with valves to control the admission of steam into saidcylinders, columns to support the said cylinders,

the column of the low-pressure cylinder being made hollow and providedwith a waterinlet port, a valve in said hollow column, a

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ev'aeei.

gether, a main or crank shaft to which the pistons of the said cylindersare connected, means to connect the rock-shafts to the crankshaft, awater-port in the low-pressure cylinder communicating with the hollowcolumn,

. a valve to control said port, and valves to control the inlet andoutlet passages for the lowpressure cylinder, whereby the low-pressurecylinder maybe converted into a pump, substantially as described.

7. In a multiple-expansion engine, the combination of the followinginstrumentalities, viz: a high-pressure cylinder A, a low-pressurecylinder A and an intermediate cylinder A, a bed-frame, columns A A tosupport the cylinders A A, and a hollow column A provided with legs 2 3to support the low-pressure cylinder, a main or crank shaft, pistons inthe said cylinders connected to vthe said crankshaft, valves to controlthe admission of steam into said cylinders, a rock-shaft 0, to which thevalves of the cylinders A A are connected, a rock-shaft a, to which thevalve of the cylinder A is connected, means to move said shaft to placethe valve of the cylinder A in its central position, a clutch to couplethe said shafts together, and means to operate said clutch, water-portsin the cylinder A a passage connecting one of said ports with the hollowleg 2 of the column A, a second passage to connect the other water-portto the hollow leg 3 of the said column, valves in the said hollow legs,valves b b to control the water-ports, and means to operate said valves,a valve-casing intermediate of the cylinders A A and having ports orpassages connected .to the exhausts of the cylinders A A and to theinlet of the cylinder A and valves to control said passages, whereby thecylinder A may be converted into a pump, substantially as described. 1 t

8. In asteam-engine, thecombination of the following instrumentalities,viz: the steamcylinder A provided with a piston a a crankshaft to whichsaidv piston is connected, steamports for said cylinder, and avalve tocontrol said ports, means to operate said valve, to cut off admission ofsteam to the cylinder, additional water-port-sat the opposite ends ofthe cylinder, and valves to control the same, a passage b, communicatingwith the port 19 and a passage b communicating with the portsubstantially as described.

9. In a steam-engine, the combination of the followinginstrument-alities, viz: the steamcylinder A provided with a piston a acrankshaft to which said piston is connected, steamports for saidcylinder, and a valve to control said ports, means to operate said valveto cut off admission of steam to the cylinder, additional water-ports atthe opposite ends of the cylinder, and valves to control the same, apassage b communicating with--the port b and a passage b communicatingwith the port 11 a hollow column 2, communicating with the passage b avalve Z2 in said column, a branch pipe I)", anda valve b in said branchpipe, a hollow column 3, communicat-

